The Sanborn fire-insurance maps — 1316 Bozeman Avenue

This is the year-built gold. The November 1884 sheet for the Northern Pacific Addition draws a stone merchandise warehouse on Block 25, labeled Kleinschmidt & Co., dimensions 76' × 200', with a platform on a Northern Pacific side track. The modern tax legal for 1316 Bozeman is Northern Pacific Addition, Block 25, Lots 1–4.

Editions that exist (verified URLs, accessed 2026-08-26)

Year	What it is	Where	Status this pass
1884	Sanborn Map & Publishing Co., 9 sheets, Nov 1884. LOC `sanborn05017_001`	LOC https://www.loc.gov/item/sanborn05017_001/ · Wikimedia (PD) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1884_Sanborn_Fire_Insurance_Map_from_Helena,_Lewis_and_Clark_County,_Montana	READ. Key = sheet 1. Warehouse = sheet 9.
1888	Cited in NRHP Depot HD bibliography	Paper / MTHS; not confirmed as a separate LOC digital item this pass	Not read.
1890	Cited in NRHP bibliography; some sheets on Wikimedia	Hunt Commons “1890 Sanborn … Helena”	Not sheet-read for Block 25.
1892	Sanborn Map Co., 64 sheets	LOC `sanborn05017_004` · https://www.loc.gov/item/sanborn05017_004/ · gallery https://www.loc.gov/resource/g4254hm.g4254hm_g050171892/?st=gallery	Item page verified. Block 25 sheet not yet read (continuity check).
1927	Cited in NRHP Depot HD bibliography	MTHS / paper	Not read.
1930	Sanborn Map Co., 81 sheets	LOC `sanborn05017_005` · https://www.loc.gov/item/sanborn05017_005/ · gallery https://www.loc.gov/resource/g4254hm.g4254hm_g050171930/?st=gallery	Item page verified. This is the Nash-Finch label check. Not yet read.
1930 with paste-ups ~1950 / 1958	Corrected atlas	RESEARCH_BRIEF: LOC `sanborn05017_007`. Yale 1930 atlas corrections through 1950 (BEIN 2022 Folio 29): https://search.library.yale.edu/catalog/16352365	Use for Capital Transfer–era stamps.

LOC rights: online Sanborns are public domain. https://www.loc.gov/collections/sanborn-maps/about-this-collection/rights-and-access/

1884 — eyes on Sheet 9 (the gold)

Sheet: Wikimedia File …LOC_sanborn05017_001-9.jpg · original https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Sanborn_Fire_Insurance_Map_from_Helena%2C_Lewis_and_Clark_County%2C_Montana._LOC_sanborn05017_001-9.jpg (6,450 × 7,650). Commons page: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sanborn_Fire_Insurance_Map_from_Helena,_Lewis_and_Clark_County,_Montana._LOC_sanborn05017_001-9.jpg

LOC twin: https://www.loc.gov/resource/g4254hm.g4254hm_g050171884/

Stamp on sheet: “Nov. 1884 HELENA MONTANA.” Public domain (published 1884).

Local crop (PD, this folder): _held_sources/sanborn1884_sheet9_block25_kleinschmidt.jpg — file not on disk this pass. Evidence is the Wikimedia / LOC sheet URLs above, not a saved crop.

Sheet 1 (key / index) — Wikimedia …001-1.jpg: title “HELENA MONTANA / Sanborn Map & Publishing Co. / NEW YORK, NOVEMBER 1884.” Nine sheets. Population 10,000. Specials index lists Kleinschmidt & Co., Warehouse — Sheet 9; also Kirkendall & Brown Warehouse, Montana Improvement Co. mill & yard, T. C. Power warehouse, N. P. R. R. Depots — Sheet 9. Street name Bozeman is in the index. Northern Pacific Addition is drawn as an inset on the key (Bozeman, Gallatin, Helena, Lyndale; 2nd–8th).

Sheet 9 — Block 25 (read this pass, multiple crops):

Field	What the sheet shows
Block	Large “25” on the block between Bozeman St. and the R. R. RESERVATION
Occupant	KLEINSCHMIDT & CO. MDSE WARE HO. (merchandise warehouse)
Color	Blue = stone / concrete / adobe on Sanborn’s own key
Size	76' × 200'
Office	Small “Off.” at the southwest corner of the warehouse
Rail	Long PLATFORM on the east wall; SIDE TRACK; N. P. R. R. tracks beyond
Lots	Warehouse occupies the north of Block 25 — lot numbers along the track side include 1–4 (same numbers as the modern legal). South lots: frame dwellings, a blacksmith, vacant outlines
Across Bozeman	Block 24 — boarding house, lodgings/saloon, general mdse / storage (the modern 1315 block)
Nearby	California Hotel / Grand Pacific Hotel on Helena Ave (Block 27); Powers warehouse + Montana Improvement lumber yard further on the reservation

Year-built window this sheet closes: a stone warehouse already stood on Block 25 by November 1884. The Northern Pacific reached Helena 13 June 1883 and the Addition was being built out that winter (08_RAILROAD.md). Construction window for this house: June 1883 – November 1884, unless an earlier building was absorbed (not shown on this sheet).

What we will and will not say

Will say:

By November 1884, Kleinschmidt & Co. had a 76 × 200 ft stone merchandise warehouse on Northern Pacific Addition Block 25, on Bozeman Street, with a Northern Pacific side track at the platform. That is the same block and lot numbers as today’s 1316 Bozeman tax legal.
The 1935 city permit still calls Nash-Finch’s house a stone warehouse and pays $900 to rebuild end walls and repair the roof — repair language, not replacement (10_EARTHQUAKE.md).
Combined: the board can be told this is a first-generation NP-Addition stone warehouse, on the ground since the mid-1880s.

Will not say (yet):

“Every stone you see today is the 1884 wall.” That needs 1892 and 1930 Sanborn overlays (same footprint? same color? new hyphen?). Masonry forensics is a later choice.
“Kleinschmidt owned the lots.” Sanborn labels occupant / use, not title. Title is 01_DEEDS.md.
“Union Mercantile was in this building.” Not on this sheet.

How to finish 1892 and 1930 (free, one sitting)

Open the 1930 key (images 1–3 of 81). Find Bozeman + Block 25.
Record: footprint vs 76×200, color (stone?), occupant stamp (Nash Finch / wholesale grocery / transfer), spur still drawn?
Repeat on 1892.
Same stone box in 1892 and 1930 → the 1884 house is the through-line.
New box in 1930 → a later stone house on the same lots (still historic; different year).
Paste-up volume for a Capital Transfer stamp.

Do not declare a DOR “year built” from a blank Property.MT.Gov card. The county year-built field is still NULL. Sanborn is the date we have.

Where else the paper lives

Montana Historical Society Library, 225 N Roberts — Sanborns + city building files. HPO Pam Attardo already gave Diane “maps and photos” (JTC application). Ask which sheet.
University of Montana / Mansfield Library map collection.
ProQuest Digital Sanborns (subscription) — Lewis & Clark Library or MSU may carry access.

Kinship with the listed depot district

The NRHP Depot District form (2004) says the last standing warehouse inside the listed box is Benson-Carpenter, 1439 N. Harris, rubblestone, c. 1896. 1316 is outside that box, same yard, earlier generation — a stone warehouse already on the 1884 sheet, twelve years before Benson-Carpenter. That is the sentence the TIF board did not have.